Gallium
Main page |
| Other names/abbreviations: | Ga Ekaaluminum |
| Element no: | 31 |
| Element group: | 13 (IUPAC) III B (American labelling) III B (European labelling) |
| Element type: | Metals |
| CAS-Number: | 7440-55-3 |
| EINECS-Number: | 231-163-8 |
Safety
Symbol: -R-phrases: -
S-phrases: -
Physical properties
Appearance | ||
| Physical state @ 20°C: | Solid [3] | |
| Color: | Bluish-gray [3] | |
| Odor: | Odourless [3] | |
Bulk properties | ||
| Molecular weight (g/mol): | 69.723(1) [1] | |
| Melting point (°C): | 29.767 [1] | |
| Boiling point (°C): | 2205 [1] | |
| Density (g/cm3): | 5.904 [1] | |
| Molar volume (cm3): | 11.40 (20 °C) [2] | |
| Elastic properties: Young's modulus (GPa): Rigidity modulus (GPa): Bulk modulus (GPa): Poisson ratio: |
10 [2] 4.3-6.7 [2] 4.9 [2] 0.47 [2] | |
| Hardness: Mineral hardness: |
1.5-2.5 [2] | |
Thermodynamic properties | ||
| ΔfH°gas (kJ/mol): | 286.2 (Monoatomic) [1] 277.0 [4] | |
| ΔfH°liquid (kJ/mol): | 5.6 [4] | |
| ΔfH°solid (kJ/mol): | 0.0 [4] | |
| ΔH°fusion (kJ/mol): | 5.59 [4] | |
| ΔH°vaporization (kJ/mol): | 254 [1] | |
| S°gas (J/K·mol): | 169.1 [4] | |
| S°solid (J/K·mol): | 40.9 [4] | |
| ΔfG°gas (kJ/mol): | 283.9 [4] | |
| Cp (gas) (J/K·mol): | 25.4 (25 °C) [4] | |
| Cp (solid) (J/K·mol): | 25.9 (25 °C) [4] | |
Crystal structure | ||
| Crystal type: | Orthorhombic [2] | |
Electronic properties | ||
 |
Electron configuration: | 1s2-2s2-2p6-3s2-3p6-3d10-4s2-4p1 |
| Ionic radius (Å): | Ga(III): 0.62 [1] Ga(I): 120 [1] | |
Conductivity | ||
| e°(V): | Ga(III)/Ga: -0.529 [1] Ga(I)/Ga: -0.79 (acid) [1] Ga(I)/Ga: -1.39 (alkali) [1] | |
| Electrical resisitvity (μΩ·cm): | 27 (crystalline) [1,a] 25.8 (liquid, 30 °C) [1] | |
| Thermal (W/m·K): | 40.6 (27 °C) [4] | |
References
1: Greenwood,N.N., Earnshaw,A. Chemistry of the elements2nd edition (1997) Edited by Greenwood,N.N., Earnshaw,A. pp. 1-1340, Butterworth-Heinemann. Oxford. Great Britain
2: Buch,A. Pure Metals Properties. A Scientific-Technical Handbook
1st edition (1999) Edited by Buch,A. pp. 1-306, ASM International and Freund Publishing House Ltd. Ohio. USA
3: Merck. ChemDAT The Merck Chemical Database Ver. 1.1.5
4: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
75th edition (1994) Edited by Lide,D.R. , CRC Press Inc. Boca Raton, USA
© Michael Pilgaard
Created: May 5, 2008
Last update: October 8, 2008